The EU Observatory for Nanomaterials (EUON) has released a study systematically reviewing and assessing the potential health and environmental effects of graphene, graphene oxide, and other two-dimensional materials
Based on existing public information published over the last decade, the study concludes that cytotoxic effects have been identified for specific graphene and two-dimensional. It recommends that, when health and/or environmental risks are reported, doses and exposure scenarios should be considered for manipulation and use.
According to the report, the (eco)toxicity of graphene-based materials deserves more research efforts, using both OECD Test Guidelines (TGs) and ISO documentary standards. When reporting on the results of such tests, a precise description of the material used is required in order to enable more specific conclusions, which cannot currently generalized.
The full study is available at this link.